C provides two styles of flow control: Branching Looping Branching is deciding what actions to take and looping is deciding how many times to take a certain action. Branching: if statement ? : Operator switch statement: Using break keyword:
Branching is so called because the program chooses to follow one branch or another.
This is the most simple form of the branching statements.
It takes an expression in parenthesis and an statement or block of statements. if the expression is true then the statement or block of statements gets executed otherwise these statements are skipped.
NOTE: Expression will be assumed to be true if its evaluated values is non-zero.
if statements take the following form:
Show Exampleif (expression)
statement;
or
if (expression)
{
Block of statements;
}
or
if (expression)
{
Block of statements;
}
else
{
Block of statements;
}
or
if (expression)
{
Block of statements;
}
else if(expression)
{
Block of statements;
}
else
{
Block of statements;
}
The ? : operator is just like an if ... else statement except that because it is an operator you can use it within expressions.
? : is a ternary operator in that it takes three values, this is the only ternary operator C has.
? : takes the following form:
Show Exampleif condition is true ? then X return value : otherwise Y value;
The switch statement is much like a nested if .. else statement. Its mostly a matter of preference which you use, switch statement can be slightly more efficient and easier to read.
Show Exampleswitch( expression )
{
case constant-expression1: statements1;
[case constant-expression2: statements2;]
[case constant-expression3: statements3;]
[default : statements4;]
}
If a condition is met in switch case then execution continues on into the next case clause also if it is not explicitly specified that the execution should exit the switch statement. This is achieved by using break keyword.
What is default condition:
If none of the listed conditions is met then default condition executed.
Flow Control Statements
Labels: C Learning
